বিসিএস – প্রিলিমিনারি – ইংরেজি – Right forms of verb

• সাধারণত since দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত থাকলে এবং since-এর আগের অংশ Present indefinite/Present perfect tense হলে পরের অংশ Past indefinite tense হয়। যেমন:

It is many years since he (give) up smoking.

Ans.: It is many years since he gave up smoking.

Five years have passed since he (leave) the house.

Ans.: Five years have passed since he left the house.

•  আবার since দ্বারা clause যুক্ত থাকলে এবং since-এর আগে clause বা বাক্যের অংশ Past indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ verb -এর Past perfect tense হয়। যেমন:

Many years passed since I (meet) him last.

Ans.: Many years passed since I had met him last.

It was many years since I (visit) there.

Ans.: It was many years since I had visited there.

• Passive voice-এ সর্বদা verb-এর past participle form হয়। যেমন: This work was (do) by him.

Ans.: This work was done by him.

The problem has been (solve) by him.

Ans.: The problem has been solved by him.

The school was (close) for sine die.

Ans.: The school was closed for sine die.

• Simple sentence-এ দুটি verb থাকলে দ্বিতীয় verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয় অথবা দ্বিতীয় verbটির আগে to বসে।

যেমন: He saw the boy (play) in the field.

Ans.: He saw the boy playing in the field.

I heard him (speak).

Ans.: I heard him speaking.

He helps me (make) the house.

Ans.: He helps me making the house.

Note : দ্বিতীয় verbটি যদি উদ্দেশ্য বোঝাতে ব্যবহূত হয় তবে দ্বিতীয় verb-এর আগে to বসে।

যেমন: I went to the library (read) newspaper.

Ans.: I went to the library to read newspaper.

He repaired the boat (sell) it.

Ans.: He repaired the boat to sell it.

•  Modal auxiliary verb যেমন : can, could, may, might, should, would, ought to, used to, must ইত্যাদি থাকলে মূল verb-এর present form হয়। যেমন: He can (do) it easily. Ans.: He can do it easily.

Everybody should (respect) his parents.

Ans.: Everybody should respect his parents.

It may (rain) today. Ans.: It may rain today.

•  সাধারণত sentence যদি ভবিষ্যৎ নির্দেশক শব্দ বা phrase যেমন: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in future, next ইত্যাদি থাকলে future indefinite tense হবে এবং verb-এর present form বসে। যেমন: I (go) to Dhaka tomorrow.

Ans.: I shall go to Dhaka tomorrow.

He (join) there the next day.

Ans.: He will join there the next day.

• Sentence-এর subject singular number হলে verb singular হয় এবং subject plural হলে verb plural number হয়।

যেমন: The taste of the mangoes (to be) sour.

Ans.: The taste of the mangoes is sour.

The flowers of the garden (to be) beautiful.

Ans.: The flowers of the garden are beautiful.

These papers (to be) printed.

Ans.: These papers are printed.

• মূল verb-এর আগে to be বা having থাকলে verb-এর past participle form হয়। যেমন: A community centre is going to be (establish).

Ans.: A community centre is going to be established.

I do not mind (have) a cup of coffee.

Ans.: I do not mind having a cup of coffee.

He went home (have) his salary.

Ans.: He went home having his salary.

• সাধারণত It is time, it is high time, wish ইত্যাদির পরে subject ও bracket-এ মূল verb থাকলে verb-এর past form হয়।

যেমন: It is time you (finish) a course on English language.

Ans.: It is time you finished a course on English language.

I wish I (sing). Ans.: I wish I sang.

আবার, It is time, it is high time-এর পর যদি bracket-এ মূল verb থাকে, তবে ওই verb-এর আগে to বসবে এবং ওই verb অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে।

যেমন: It is time (play). Ans.: It is time to play.

It is high time (stand) by the flood-affected people.

Ans.: It is high time to stand by the flood-affected people.

• 18. As if, as though, wish ইত্যাদি থাকলে subject-এর পরে be verb-এর পরিবর্তে were বসে। যেমন: He behaves as if he (be) a leader.

Ans.: He behaves as if he were a leader.

I wish I (be) a millionaire.

Ans.: I wish I were a millionaire.

•  As if, as though দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত থাকলে প্রথম clauseটি Present tense হলে পরবর্তী clauseটি Past indefinite হয়। প্রথম clauseটি Past tense হলে পরের clauseটি Past perfect tense হয়। যেমন: He behaves as if he (buy) the car.

Ans.: He behaves as if he bought the car.

He spoke as though he (do) a great task.

Ans.: He spoke as though he had done a great task.

এই লেকচারের পরের পেইজে যেতে নিচের …. তে ক্লিক কর।

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