Past perfect tense: অতীত কালে সংঘটিত দুটি কাজের মধ্যে পূর্বে সংঘটিত কাজটির verb-এর past perfect tense হয় এবং পরে সংঘটিত কাজটির verb-এর past indefinite tense হয়।
গঠন প্রণালি: Subject-এর পর had বসে এবং মূল verb-এর past participle form ব্যবহৃত হয়।
| Structure of past perfect simple | ||
| positive | negative | question |
| I’d (I had) seen him. You’d done it. We’d been there. They’d eaten it. |
I hadn’t (had not) seen him. You hadn’t done it. We hadn’t been there. They hadn’t eaten it. |
Had I seen him? Had you seen her? Had we finished it? Had they been there? |
| He’d (he had) gone. She’d (she had) gone. It’d (it had) gone. |
He hadn’t (had not) gone. She hadn’t gone. It hadn’t gone. |
Had he been here? Had she finished? Had it gone? |
| Past perfect simple – common mistakes | ||
| Common mistakes | Correct version | Why? |
| I hadn’t been to London. | The helping verb had (negative –hadn’t) is used in the past perfect. | |
| When I saw him I noticed that he had had a haircut. | The action (haircut) which happened before another past action must be put into the past perfect to make the time order clear to the listener. | |
| He told me he had been to London. | His original words were: ”I have been to London.” However, in reported speech we move the tense back – the present perfect (have been) becomes past perfect (had been). | |
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