বিসিএস প্রিলিমিনারি ইংরেজি Conditional Sentence
There are three types of the if-clauses.
I. condition possible to fulfill. e.g. If I study,I will pass the exam.
II. condition in theory possible to fulfill. e.g. If I studied,I would pass the exam.
III. condition not possible to fulfill (too late) e.g. If I had studied,I would have passed the exam.
Look at the tense. It’s the most important part.
for condition type i, it consists of present + future. if (present), result/effect (future)
for condition type ii, it consists of past simple+ past simple. if (past simple), result/effect (past simple)
for condition type iii, it consists of past perfect+ past perfect. if (would + have + past participle), result/effect (would/could/should/might + have + past participle)
The word were in the phrase if I were you is special form. It is known as the subjunctive mood (from the grammatical point of view).
If I were you I would phone him. – Subjunctive mood
If I was you I would phone him. – Simple Past
| Structure of the zero conditional | ||
| positive | negative | question |
| If/when you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils. | If/when you don’t heat water to 100 degrees, it doesn’t boil. | What happens if/when you heat water to 100 degrees? |
| The zero conditional – common mistakes | ||
| Common mistakes | Correct version | Why? |
|
If/when people eat too much, they get fat.
Water boils when it reaches100°C. |
We use the present simple in both clauses of the zero conditional. We are saying that the condition can be true at any time (it is a fact). If means the same as when in a zero conditional sentence. We can also use whenever. |
| Structure of the first conditional | ||
| positive | negative | question |
| If I see him, I’ll (I will) tell him. | If you don’t hurry, you’ll miss the bus. | What will you do if there is a problem? |
| The first conditional – common mistakes | ||
| Common mistakes | Correct version | Why? |
| If you go to England, you will improve your English. | We use the present simple in the if-clause. | |
| If I find his address, I will send him the letter. | We use will in the main clause, to express certainty in the future. | |
| I’ll tell him if I see him. | We use the present simple in the if-clause. | |
| Structure of the second conditional | ||
| positive | negative | question |
| If I had more time, I’d (I would) travel more. | I wouldn’t (would not) refuse if you offered me $10,000. | What would you say if you met Queen Elizabeth? |
| If I were you, I’d leave the job. | I wouldn’t (would not) leave the job if I were you. | Would you leave the job if you were me? |
| The second conditional – common mistakes | ||
| Common mistakes | Correct version | Why? |
| If I had enough money, I would buy a new computer. | We use the past simple (here I had) in the if-clause. It shows we are talking about something which is unlikely to happen or is an imaginary situation. | |
| If you didn’t hurry so much, youwould feel more relaxed. | The main clause has would + infinitive. | |
| Structure of the third conditional | ||
| positive | negative | question |
| If I’d (I had) known you were coming, I would have waited for you. | If she hadn’t (had not) been ill, she would have gone to the cinema. | Would you have done it if you’d (you had) known earlier? |
| The third conditional – common mistakes | ||
| Common mistakes | Correct version | Why? |
| If I had asked him, he would have helped me. | In the if-clause we use the past perfect (had + pastparticiple). We don’t use ‘would’ or ‘would have’ in the if-clause. | |
| If you had spoken to my mother, she would have told you where I was. | The main clause has would + have + past participle. |
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প্রতিটি লেকচারে নতুন নতুন লিখা যুক্ত হচ্ছে, তাই কাঙ্খিত কোন লিখা না পেলে দয়া করে কিছুদিন পর আবার ভিজিট করে দেখবেন।
লিখাতে কিংবা লেকচারে কোন ভুলত্রুটি থাকলে অথবা আপনার কাঙ্খিত লিখা খুঁজে না পেলেইশিখন.কম এর ফ্যানপেইজ অথবা নিচে কমেন্ট কর